Accelerated Formation of 2D Ruddlesden—Popper Perovskite Thin Films by Lewis Bases for High Efficiency Solar Cell Applications

Swathi M. Gowdru; Jou Chun Lin; Szu Tan Wang; Yi Chia Chen; Kuan Chang Wu; Cheng Nan Jiang; Yu Dian Chen; Shao Sian Li; Yuan Jay Chang; Di Yan Wang

doi:10.3390/nano12111816

Accelerated Formation of 2D Ruddlesden—Popper Perovskite Thin Films by Lewis Bases for High Efficiency Solar Cell Applications

Swathi M. Gowdru
, Jou Chun Lin
, Szu Tan Wang
, Yi Chia Chen
, Kuan Chang Wu
, Cheng Nan Jiang
, Yu Dian Chen
, Shao Sian Li
, Yuan Jay Chang
, Di Yan Wang

Department of Materials and Mineral Resources Engineering

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

8 Scopus citations

Abstract

Various types of 2D organic–inorganic perovskite solar cells have been developed and investigated due to better electron transport behavior and environmental stability. Controlling the formation of phases in the 2D perovskite films has been considered to play an important role in influencing the stability of perovskite materials and their performance in optoelectronic applications. In this work, Lewis base urea was used as an effective additive for the formation of 2D Ruddlesden— Popper (RP) perovskite (BA)₂ (MA)_n−1 Pb_n I_3n+1 thin film with mixed phases (n = 2~4). The detailed structural morphology of the 2D perovskite thin film was investigated by in situ X-ray diffraction (XRD), grazing-incidence small-angle X-ray scattering (GISAXS) and photoluminescence mapping. The results indicated that the urea additive could facilitate the formation of 2D RP perovskite thin film with larger grain size and high crystallinity. The 2D RP perovskite thin films for solar cells exhibited a power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 7.9% under AM 1.5G illumination at 100 mW/cm².

Original language	English
Article number	1816
Journal	Nanomaterials
Volume	12
Issue number	11
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.3390/nano12111816
State	Published - 1 Jun 2022

Bibliographical note

Publisher Copyright:
© 2022 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.

Keywords

2D Ruddlesden—Popper Perovskite
BA (MA) Pb I
PL mapping
grazing-incidence small-angle X-ray scattering
in-situ X-ray diffraction

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title = "Accelerated Formation of 2D Ruddlesden—Popper Perovskite Thin Films by Lewis Bases for High Efficiency Solar Cell Applications",

abstract = "Various types of 2D organic–inorganic perovskite solar cells have been developed and investigated due to better electron transport behavior and environmental stability. Controlling the formation of phases in the 2D perovskite films has been considered to play an important role in influencing the stability of perovskite materials and their performance in optoelectronic applications. In this work, Lewis base urea was used as an effective additive for the formation of 2D Ruddlesden— Popper (RP) perovskite (BA)2 (MA)n−1 Pbn I3n+1 thin film with mixed phases (n = 2\textasciitilde{}4). The detailed structural morphology of the 2D perovskite thin film was investigated by in situ X-ray diffraction (XRD), grazing-incidence small-angle X-ray scattering (GISAXS) and photoluminescence mapping. The results indicated that the urea additive could facilitate the formation of 2D RP perovskite thin film with larger grain size and high crystallinity. The 2D RP perovskite thin films for solar cells exhibited a power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 7.9\% under AM 1.5G illumination at 100 mW/cm2.",

keywords = "2D Ruddlesden—Popper Perovskite, BA (MA) Pb I, PL mapping, grazing-incidence small-angle X-ray scattering, in-situ X-ray diffraction",

author = "Gowdru, \{Swathi M.\} and Lin, \{Jou Chun\} and Wang, \{Szu Tan\} and Chen, \{Yi Chia\} and Wu, \{Kuan Chang\} and Jiang, \{Cheng Nan\} and Chen, \{Yu Dian\} and Li, \{Shao Sian\} and Chang, \{Yuan Jay\} and Wang, \{Di Yan\}",

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T1 - Accelerated Formation of 2D Ruddlesden—Popper Perovskite Thin Films by Lewis Bases for High Efficiency Solar Cell Applications

AU - Gowdru, Swathi M.

AU - Lin, Jou Chun

AU - Wang, Szu Tan

AU - Chen, Yi Chia

AU - Wu, Kuan Chang

AU - Jiang, Cheng Nan

AU - Chen, Yu Dian

AU - Li, Shao Sian

AU - Chang, Yuan Jay

AU - Wang, Di Yan

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Y1 - 2022/6/1

N2 - Various types of 2D organic–inorganic perovskite solar cells have been developed and investigated due to better electron transport behavior and environmental stability. Controlling the formation of phases in the 2D perovskite films has been considered to play an important role in influencing the stability of perovskite materials and their performance in optoelectronic applications. In this work, Lewis base urea was used as an effective additive for the formation of 2D Ruddlesden— Popper (RP) perovskite (BA)2 (MA)n−1 Pbn I3n+1 thin film with mixed phases (n = 2~4). The detailed structural morphology of the 2D perovskite thin film was investigated by in situ X-ray diffraction (XRD), grazing-incidence small-angle X-ray scattering (GISAXS) and photoluminescence mapping. The results indicated that the urea additive could facilitate the formation of 2D RP perovskite thin film with larger grain size and high crystallinity. The 2D RP perovskite thin films for solar cells exhibited a power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 7.9% under AM 1.5G illumination at 100 mW/cm2.

AB - Various types of 2D organic–inorganic perovskite solar cells have been developed and investigated due to better electron transport behavior and environmental stability. Controlling the formation of phases in the 2D perovskite films has been considered to play an important role in influencing the stability of perovskite materials and their performance in optoelectronic applications. In this work, Lewis base urea was used as an effective additive for the formation of 2D Ruddlesden— Popper (RP) perovskite (BA)2 (MA)n−1 Pbn I3n+1 thin film with mixed phases (n = 2~4). The detailed structural morphology of the 2D perovskite thin film was investigated by in situ X-ray diffraction (XRD), grazing-incidence small-angle X-ray scattering (GISAXS) and photoluminescence mapping. The results indicated that the urea additive could facilitate the formation of 2D RP perovskite thin film with larger grain size and high crystallinity. The 2D RP perovskite thin films for solar cells exhibited a power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 7.9% under AM 1.5G illumination at 100 mW/cm2.

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KW - BA (MA) Pb I

KW - PL mapping

KW - grazing-incidence small-angle X-ray scattering

KW - in-situ X-ray diffraction

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Accelerated Formation of 2D Ruddlesden—Popper Perovskite Thin Films by Lewis Bases for High Efficiency Solar Cell Applications

Abstract

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Keywords

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